The first volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the transitional period between the later Roman world and the early middle ages, c. 500 to c. 700. This was an era of developing consciousness and profound change in Europe, Byzantium and the Arab world, an era in which the foundations of medieval society were laid and to which many of our modern myths of national and religious identity can be traced. This book offers a comprehensive regional survey of the sixth and seventh centuries, from Ireland in the west to the rise of Islam in the Middle East, and from Scandinavia in the north to the Mediterranean south. It explores the key themes pinning together the history of this period, from kingship, trade and the church, to art, architecture and education. It represents both an invaluable conspectus of current scholarship and an expert introduction to the period.
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The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa as well. The volume is divided into two parts of which this, the first, deals with themes, ecclesiastical and secular, and major developments in an age marked by the expansion of population, agriculture, trade, towns and the frontiers of western society; by a radical reform of the structure and institutions of the western church, and by fundamental changes in relationships with the eastern churches, Byzantium, Islam and the Jews; by the appearance of new kingdoms and states, and by the development of crusades, knighthood and law, Latin and vernacular literature, Romanesque and Gothic art and architecture, heresies and the scholastic movement.
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The fourth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the eleventh and twelfth centuries, which comprised perhaps the most dynamic period in the European middle ages. This is a history of Europe, but the continent is interpreted widely to include the Near East and North Africa. The volume is divided into two parts of which this, the second, deals with the course of events - ecclesiastical and secular - and major developments in an age marked by the transformation of the position of the papacy in a process fuelled by a radical reformation of the church, the decline of the western and eastern empires, the rise of western kingdoms and Italian elites, and the development of governmental structures, the beginnings of the recovery of Spain from the Moors and the establishment of western settlements in the eastern Mediterranean region in the wake of the crusades.
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The period of the tenth and early eleventh centuries was crucial in the formation of Europe, much of whose political geography and larger-scale divisions began to take shape at this time. It was also an era of great fragmentation, and hence of differences which have been magnified by modern national historiographical traditions. This volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History reflects these varying traditions, and provides an authoritative survey in its own terms. The volume is divided into three sections. The first covers general themes such as the economy, government, and religious, cultural, and intellectual life. The second is devoted to the kingdoms and principalities which had emerged within the area of the former Carolingian empire as well as the 'honorary Carolingian' region of England. The final section deals with the emergent principalities of eastern Europe and the new and established empires, states and statelets of the Mediterranean world.
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The sixth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers the fourteenth century, a period dominated by plague, other natural disasters and war which brought to an end three centuries of economic growth and cultural expansion in Christian Europe, but one which also saw important developments in government, religious and intellectual life, and new cultural and artistic patterns. Part I sets the scene by discussion of general themes in the theory and practice of government, religion, social and economic history, and culture. Part II deals with the individual histories of the states of western Europe; Part III with that of the Church at the time of the Avignon papacy and the Great Schism; and Part IV with eastern and northern Europe, Byzantium and the early Ottomans, giving particular attention to the social and economic relations with westerners and those of other civilisations in the Mediterranean.
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This volume covers the last century (interpreted broadly) of the traditional western Middle Ages. Often seen as a time of doubt, decline and division, the period is shown here as a period of considerable innovation and development, much of which resulted from a conscious attempt by contemporaries to meet the growing demands of society and to find practical solutions to the social, religious and political problems which beset it. The volume consists of four sections. Part I focuses on both the ideas and other considerations which guided men as they sought good government, and on the practical development of representation. Part II deals with aspects of social and economic development at a time of change and expansion. Part III discusses the importance of the life of the spirit: religion, education and the arts. Moving from the general to the particular, Part IV concerns itself with the history of the countries of Europe, emphasis being placed on the growth of the nation states of the 'early modern' world.
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This volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History covers most of the period of Frankish and Carolingian dominance in western Europe. It was one of remarkable political and cultural coherence, combined with crucial, very diverse and formative developments in every sphere of life. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the authors consider developments in Europe as a whole, from Ireland to the Bosphorus and Iceland to Gibraltar. The chapters offer an examination of the interaction between rulers and ruled, of how power and authority actually worked, and of the impact of these on the society and culture of Europe as a whole. The volume is divided into four parts. Part I encompasses the events and political developments in the whole of the British Isles, the west and east Frankish kingdoms, Scandinavia, the Slavic and Balkan regions, Spain, Italy, and those aspects of Byzantine and Muslim history which impinged on the west between c. 700 and c. 900. Parts II, III and IV cover common themes and topics within the general categories of government and institutions, the church and society, and cultural and intellectual development.
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The fifth volume of The New Cambridge Medieval History brings together studies of the political, religious, social and economic history of the whole of Europe and of the Mediterranean world between about 1198 and 1300. Comprehensive coverage of the developments in western Europe is balanced by attention to the east of Europe, including the Byzantine world, and the Islamic lands in Spain, north Africa and the Levant. Thematic articles look at the fine arts, the vernacular, communications and other aspects of a period in which the frontiers of Latin Christendom were expanding vigorously outwards; and attention is paid to the frontier societies that emerged in Spain, the Baltic and the Mediterranean islands.
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[目次]
Introduction Jonathan Riley-Smith and David Luscombe
1. The rural economy and demographic growth Robert Fossier
2. Towns and the growth of trade Derek Keene
3. Government and community, 1024-1204 Susan Reynolds
4. The development of law Peter Landau
5. Knightly society Jean Flori
6. War, peace and the Christian order, 1024-1204 Ernst-Dieter Hehl
7. The structure of the church, 1024-1073 H. E. J. Cowdrey
8. Reform and the church, 1073-1122 I. S. Robinson
9. Religious communities, 1024-1215 Giles Constable
10. The institutions of the church, 1073-1216 I. S. Robinson
11. Thought and learning D. E. Luscombe
12. Religion and laity (including popular devotions and heresy) Bernard Hamilton
13. The crusades, 1095-1198 Jonathan Riley-Smith
14. The eastern churches Jean Richard
15. Muslim Spain and Portugal: al-Andalus and its neighbours, 1025-1198 Hugh Kennedy
16. The Jews in Europe and the Mediterranean basin in the eleventh and twelfth centuries Robert Chazan
17. Literature (Latin and vernacular) Jan Ziolkowski
18. Romanesque and gothic: architecture and the arts Patrick Kidson
List of primary sources
Bibliography of secondary sources arranged by chapter
Index of manuscripts.
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[目次]
Introduction: the History of Europe 500-700 Paul Fouracre: 1. The later Roman Empire Richard Gerberding
2. The barbarian invasions Guy Halsall
3. The sources and their interpretation Guy Halsall
Part I. The Sixth Century: 4. The eastern empire in the sixth century Andrew Louth
5. The Byzantines in the West in the sixth century John Moorhead
6. Ostrogothic Italy and the Lombard invasions John Moorhead
7. The formation of the Sueve and Visigothic kingdoms in Spain A. Barbero and M. I. Loring
8. Merovingian Gaul and the Frankish Conquests Raymond Van Dam
9. The Celtic kingdoms Wendy Davies
10. The earliest Anglo-Saxon kingdoms Helena Hamerow
Part II. The Seventh Century: 11. The Byzantine empire in the seventh century Andrew Louth
12. Muhammad and the rise of Islam Carole Hillenbrand
13. The Catholic Visigothic Kingdom A. Barbero and M. I. Loring
14. Francia in the seventh century Paul Fouracre
15. Religion and society in Ireland Clare Stancliffe
16. Christianity amongst the Britons, Dalriadan Irish and Picts Clare Stancliffe
17. England in the seventh century Alan Thacker
18. Scandinavia (c. 500-700 AD) Lotte Hedeager
19. The Slavs 500-700 AD Zbigniew Kobylinski
Part III: Themes and Problems: 20. The Jews in Europe, 500-1050 Michael Toch
21. Kings and kingship Patrick Wormald
22. The Mediterranean economy Simon Loseby
23. The Northern seas (fifth to eighth centuries) Stephane Lebecq
24. Money and coinage Mark Blackburn
25. Church structure and organisation Georg Scheibelreiter
26. Christianisation and the dissemination of Christian teaching Ian Wood
27. Education and learning (500-700) Jacques Fontaine
28a. Art and architecture of western Europe, 500-7000 Ian Wood
28b. Art and architecture, 500-700: the East Leslie Brubaker.
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[目次]
List of maps
List of plates
List of contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Introduction Timothy Reuter
Part I. General Themes: 2. Rural economy and country life Robert Fossier
3. Merchants, markets and towns Peter Johanek
4. Rulers and government Janet Nelson
5. The Church Rosamond McKitterick
6. Monasticism Joachim Wollasch
7. Intellectual life Claudio Leonardi
8. Artists and patrons Henry Mayr-Harting
Part II: Post-Carolingian Europe: 9. The Ottonians as kings and queens Eckhard Muller-Mertens
10. Saxony and the Elbe slavs in the tenth century Gerd Althoff
11. Bavaria in the tenth and early eleventh centuries Herwig Wolfram
12. Lotharingia Michel Parisse
13. Burgundy and Provence, 879-1032 Constance Bouchard
14. The kingdom of Italy Giuseppe Sergi
15. West Francia: the kingdom Jean Dunbabin
16. West Francia: the northern principalities David Bates
17. West Francia: the southern principalities Michel Zimmermann
18. England Simon Keynes
Part III. Non-Carolingian Europe: 19. European Russia, c. 500-c. 1050 Thomas Noonan
20. Bohemia and Poland Jerzy Strzelczyk
21. Hungary Kornel Bakay
22. Byzantium in equlilibrium, 886-944 Jonathan Shepard
23. Bulgaria: the other Balkan 'empire' Jonathan Shepard
25. Byzantium and the west Jonathan Shepard
26. Southern Italy in the tenth century Graham Loud
27. Sicily and al-Andalus under Muslim rule Hugh Kennedy
28. The Spanish kingdoms Roger Collins
Bibliographies
Indexes.
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[目次]
List of plates
List of line drawings
List of maps
List of genealogical tables
List of contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
List of Abbreviations
Part I. General Themes: 1. Introduction Michael Jones
2. The theory and practice of government in western Europe Albert Rigaudiere
3. Currents of religious thought and expression Jeremy Catto
4. The universities Jacques Verger
5. Rural society Paul Freedman
6. Urban life Jean-Pierre Leguay
7. Plague and family life Christiane Klapisch-Zuber
8. Trade in fourteenth-century Europe Peter Spufford
9. Chivalry and the aristocracy Maurice Keen
10. Court patronage and international gothic Paul Binski
11. Architecture Paul Crossley
12. Literature in Italian, French and English: uses and muses of the vernacular Nick Havely
Part II. The States of the West: 13. The British Isles (a) England: Edward II and Edward III Mark Ormrod
(b) The reign of Richard II Caroline M. Barron
(c) Wales A. D. Carr
(d) Fourteenth-century Scotland Alexander Grant (e) Ireland Robin Frame
14. France (a) The last Capetians and the early Valois kings, 1314-1364 Michael Jones
(b) France under Charles V and Charles VI Francoise Autrand
15. Italy in the age of Dante and Petrarch (a) the north John Law
(b) Florence and the republican tradition Louis Green
(c) The Italian south David Abulafia
16. The Empire (a) From Adolph I to Lewis of Bavaria, 1292-1347 Peter Herde
(b) The Luxemburgs and Rupert of the Palatinate, 1347-1410 Ivan Hlavacek
17. The Low Countries, 1290-1415 Walter Prevenier
18. The Iberian Peninsula (a) The crown of Aragon Alan Forey
(b) Castile, Navarre and Portugal Peter Linehan
Part III. The Church and Politics: 19. The Avignon papacy Patrick Zutshi
20. The Great Schism Howard Kaminsky
Part IV. Northern and Eastern Europe: 21. Baltic Europe S. C. Rowell
22. The kingdoms of central Europe in the fourteenth century Claude Michaud
23. The principalities of Rus' in the fourteenth century Nancy Shields Kollmann
24. The Byzantine empire in the fourteenth century Angeliki E. Laiou
25. Latins in the Aegean and the Balkans in the fourteenth century Michel Balard
26. The rise of the Ottomans I. Metin Kunt
27. Christians and Muslims in the eastern Mediterranean Peter Edbury
Appendix
Primary sources and secondary works arranged by chapter
Index.
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[目次]
List of plates
List of maps
List of genealogical tables
List of contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
List of abbreviations
Part I. Government: 1. Politics: theory and practice Jean-Philippe Genet
2. Representation (since the thirteenth century) Wim Blockmans
Popes and councils Antony Black
Part II. Economic and Social Developments: 4. The European nobility Philippe Contamine
5. Rural Europe Christopher Dyer
6. Urban Europe Barrie Dobson
7. Commerce and trade Wendy Childs
8. War Christopher Allmand
9. Exploration and discovery Felipe Fern...ndez-Armesto
Part III. Spiritual, Cultural and Artistic Life: 10. Religious belief and practice Francis Rapp
11. Schools and universities Jacques Verger
12. Humanism Robert Black
13. Manuscripts and books Malcolm Vale
14. The beginning of printing David McKitterick
15. Architecture and painting Paul Crossley
16. Music Gareth Curtis
Part IV. The Development of European States: 17. Germany and the Empire Tom Scott
18. Hus, the Hussites and Bohemia John Klassen
19. France (a) France at the end of the Hundred Years War (c. 1420-1461) Malcolm Vale
(b) The recovery of France, 1450-1520 Bernard Chevalier
20. Burgundy Bertrand Schnerb
21. England (a) Lancastrian England Edward Powell (b) Yorkist and early Tudor England Rosemary Horrox
22. The Celtic world (a) Ireland Art Cosgrove (b) Scotland: 1406-1513 Jenny Wormald
23. Italy (a) the northern Italian states Michael Mallett (b) The papal states and the kingdom of Naples Alan Ryder
24. The Iberian peninsula (a) Aragon Mario Del Treppo (b) Castile and Navarre Angus MacKay (c) Portugal, Armindo de Sousa
25. The Swiss Confederation Roger Sablonier
26. The states of Scandinavia c. 1390-c. 1536 Thomas Riis
27. Hungary: crown and estates Janos Bak
28. The kingdom of Poland and the grand duchy of Lithuania, 1370-1506 Aleksander Gieysztor
Russia Nancy Shields Kollmann
30. Byzantium: the Roman Orthodox world, 1393-1492 Anthony Bryer
31. The Latin east Anthony Luttrell
32. The Ottoman world Elizabeth Zachariadou
Conclusion Christopher Allmand
Appendix: genealogical tables
Primary sources and secondary works arranged by chapter
General index.
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[目次]
Part I. Political Development: 1. Introduction: sources and interpretation Rosamond McKitterick
2. The British Isles a) England 700-900 Simon Keynes
The British Isles b) Ireland, Wales and Scotland, c. 700 to the early eleventh century Donnchadh O Corrain
The British Isles c) England and the Continent Rosamond McKitterick
3. Frankish Gaul to 814 Paul Fouracre
4. The Frankish kingdoms 814-898: the west Janet L. Nelson
The Frankish kingdoms 817-911: the east and middle kingdoms Johannes Fried
6. Fines imperii: the marches Julia M. H. Smith
7. The Vikings in Francia and Anglo-Saxon England to 911 Simon Coupland
8. Scandinavia, c.700-1066 Neils Lund
9. Slavs and Bulgars Jonathan Shepard
10. The Muslims in Europe Hugh Kennedy
11. Spain: the northern kingdoms and the Basques, 711-910 Roger Collins
12. Lombard and Carolingian Italy Paolo Delogu
13. Byzantine Italy, c. 680-c. 876 T. S. Brown
14. Byzantium and the West Michael McCormick
Part II. Government and Institutions: 15. Kingship and royal government Janet L. Nelson
16. The aristocracy Stuart Airlie
17. Social and military institutions Hans-Werner Goetz
18. Economic organization Adriaan Verhulst
19. Rural Society in Carolingian Europe C. J. Wickham
20. Money and coinage Mark Blackburn
Part III. Church and Society: 21. The papacy in the eighth and ninth centuries Thomas F. X. Noble
22. The organisation, law and liturgy of the western church, 700-900 Roger E. Reynolds
23. Carolingian monasticism: the power of prayer Mayke de Jong
24. Religion and lay society Julia M. H. Smith
Part IV. Cultural and Intellectual Developments: 25. Eighth-century foundations Rosamond McKitterick
26. Language and communication in Carolingian Europe Michel Banniard
27. The Carolingian Renaissance: education and literary culture John J. Contreni
28. Theology and the organisation of thought David Ganz
29. Book production in the Carolingian empire and the spread of Caroline minuscule David Ganz
30. Art and archtitecture Laurence Nees
Conclusion Rosamond McKitterick
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[目次]
Preface
Introduction Jonathan Riley-Smith and David Luscombe
2. The papacy, 1024-1122 Uta-Renate Blumenthal
3. The western empire (including the French speaking imperial lands) under the Salians Hanna Vollrath
4. Italy in the eleventh century (a) Northern and central Italy Giovanni Tabacco (b) Southern Italy Graham Loud
5. The kingdom of the Franks to 1108 Constance Bouchard
6. Spain in the eleventh century Simon Barton
7. England and Normandy, 1042-1137 Marjorie Chibnall
8. The Byzantine empire, 1025-1118 Michael Angold
9. Russia, the Bulgars and the southern Slavs, 1024-c. 1200 Martin Dimnik
10. Poland in the eleventh and twelfth centuries Jerzy Wyrozumski
11. Scandinavia in the eleventh and twelfth centuries Peter Sawyer
12. Hungary in the eleventh and twelfth centuries Nora Berend
13. The papacy, 1122-1198 I. S. Robinson
14. The western empire, 1125-1197 Benjamin Arnold
15. Italy in the twelfth century (a) Northern and central Italy Giovanni Tabacco (b) Norman Sicily Graham Loud
15. Spain in the twelfth century Peter Linehan
16. The kingdom of the Franks from Louis VI to Philip II (a) Crown and government John W. Baldwin (b) The seigneuries Michel Bur
17. England and the Angevin dominions, 1137-1204 Thomas K. Keefe
18. Scotland, Wales and Ireland in the twelfth century Geoffrey Barrow
19. The Byzantine empire, 1118-1204 Paul Magdalino
20. The Latin east, 1098-1204 Hans Mayer
21. Abbasids, Fatimids and Seljuqs Michael Brett
22. Zangids, Ayyubids and Seljuqs Stephen Humphreys.
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[目次]
List of maps
List of tables
List of plates
Preface
Introduction David Abulafia
Part I. Common Themes: 1. Social change in the thirteenth century: (a) Nobles and knights Robert Stacey
(b) Urban society Steven Epstein
(c) Rural society Gerard Sivery
2. Commerce and communications Kathryn Reyerson
3. The vernacular Colin Smith
4. Thirteenth-century art and architecture Paul Binski
Part II. The Church in the Thirteenth Century: 5. The papacy in the thirteenth century J. A. Watt
6. The Albigensian Crusades and heresy Bernard Hamilton
7. The Church and the laity Andre Vauchez
10. The universities and scholasticism Jacques Verger
Part III. The Western Kingdoms: 11. The Capetians from Philip II to Philip IV William Chester Jordan
12. The Plantagenet kings David Carpenter
12 The kingdom of Burgundy, the lands of Savoy and adjacent territories Eugene Cox
13 (a) Welfs, Hohenstaufen and Habsburgs in Germany, 1197-1308 Michael Toch
(b) Flanders in the thirteenth century Wim Blockmans
Part IV. Italy: 15 Northern Italy: (a) The maritime republics John Pryor
(b) Sardinia and Corsica from the mid-twelfth to the early fourteenth century Marco Tangheroni
(c) The rise of the signori Trevor Dean
(d) Florence Louis Green
16. The kingdom of Sicily under Hohenstaufen and Angevin rule David Abulafia
Part V. The Mediterranean Frontiers: 17. Byzantium after the Fourth Crusade: (a) The Latin empire of Constantinople and the Frankish states in Greece David Jacoby
(b) The Greek rump states and the recovery of Byzantium Michael Angold
18. The Crusades: (a) The thirteenth-century crusades in the Mediterranean Norman Housley
(b) The Crusader states and Cyprus Peter Edbury
19. Islam and the Mediterranean: (a) The rise of the Mamluks Robert Irwin
(b) The Maghrib Michael Brett
(c) The Nasrid kingdom of Granada David Abulafia
20 The rise of Aragon-Catalonia David Abulafia
21. Castile, Portugal and Navarre Peter Linehan
Part VI. The Northern and Eastern Frontiers: 22. The Mongols and Europe Peter Jackson
23. Scandinavia and the Baltic border: (a) The Scandinavian kingdoms Sverre Bagge
(b) The military orders in the Baltic Michael Burleigh
24 Eastern Europe: (a) The central European kingdoms S. C. Rowell