Tackling unemployment

Richard Layard

Richard Layard is one of Britain's foremost applied economists whose work has had a profound impact on the policy debate in Britain and abroad. This book contains his most influential articles on unemployment. It is published along with a companion volume, Tackling Inequality, which also includes his work on economic transition. Tackling Unemployment explains what causes unemployment, and proposes what can be done to reduce it. It shows that the two most important ways to reduce unemployment are through welfare reform and improved wage flexibility. If unemployed people are sustained with cash handouts for an indefinite period, as they are in much of Europe, this increases long-term unemployment. The answer, as Layard has argued since the early 1980s, is 'welfare-to-work': the money wasted on unemployment benefit should be used instead to guarantee work. Wage flexibility is another key to full employment. At the aggregate level, this can be secured more easily by coordinated wage-setting than by a purely free market. However, it is also crucial that relative wages can adjust across regions and skill groups in order to reduce imbalances between labour demand and labour supply. To prevent devastating increases in wage inequality, the skill levels in the workforce must rise fast enough to keep pace with employers' increasing demands for skill. Careful empirical research and analysis leads to the rejection of many other supposed remedies for unemployment. False solutions include shorter working hours, early retirement, less employment protection and lower employment taxes. But, as Layard explains, there is a strong case for lower taxation of low-wage workes The book insists that all solutions be analysed within a single coherent framework that actually explains why unemployment is as it is. This framework, the so-called Layard-Nickell model, is the core of the book.

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[目次]

  • Acknowledgements Why I am an Economist PART A: REASONS Introduction: Explaining Unemployment Wage Rigidity and Unemployment in OECD Countries The Performance of the British Labour Market On Vacancies Does Long-term Unemployment Reduce a Person's Chance of a Job? Mismatch: A Framework for Thought European Versus U.S. Unemployment: Different Responses to Increased Demand for Skill? Why Does Unemployment Persist? Combating Unemployment: is Flexibility Enough? The Causes of Graduate Unemployment in India PART B: REMEDIES Introduction: Policy Remedies for Unemployment Unemployment in Britain: Causes and Cures Preventing Long-Term Unemployment: An Economic Analysis Preventing Long-Term Unemployment: Strategy and Costings The Efficiency Case for Long-Run Labour Market Policies The Case for Subsidising Extra Jobs Is Incomes Policy the Answer to Unemployment ? The Real Effects of Tax-Based Incomes Policies How to End Pay Leapfrogging Is Unemployment Lower if Unions Bargain Over Employment? Europe in 1948: The Case for Unsustainable Growth Appendix: Publications by Richard Layard Index

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この本の情報

書名 Tackling unemployment
著作者等 Layard, P. R. G.
Layard Richard
出版元 Macmillan Press;St. Martin's Press
刊行年月 1999
ページ数 xii, 543 p.
大きさ 23 cm
ISBN 0312215770
0333722329
NCID BA41039033
※クリックでCiNii Booksを表示
言語 英語
出版国 イギリス
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