1 Introduction.- 1.1. Systems.- 1.2. Historical background.- 1.3. Objective of systems thinking.- 1.4. Systems thinking and the theories of organization and management.- 1.5. Subjects for discussion.- 1.6. References.- 2 System.- 2.1. Introduction.- 2.2. System and aggregate.- 2.3. Entity.- 2.4. Relation.- 2.5. Structure.- 2.6. State.- 2.7. Sub and Aspect systems.- 2.8. References.- 3 Environment.- 3.1. Introduction.- 3.2. System boundary.- 3.3. Open and closed systems.- 3.4. Environment.- 3.5. References.- 4 System Behaviour.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Process.- 4.3. States.- 4.3.1. Transient state.- 4.3.2. Steady state and equilibrium.- 4.4. Equifinality.- 4.5. Stability.- 4.6. References.- 5 Information and Entropy.- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Information.- 5.2.1. Communication.- 5.2.2. Syntax, semantics, pragmatics.- 5.2.3. Signal, message, information.- 5.2.4. Redundant, relevant and irrelevant information.- 5.2.5. Mathematical information theory.- 5.3. Entropy.- 5.3.1. Thermodynamic entropy concept.- 5.3.2. Statistical entropy concept.- 5.4. Relation between information and entropy.- 5.5. References.- 6 Models.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. The model.- 6.3. Isomorphism and homomorphism.- 6.4. Model construction.- 6.5. Model classification.- 6.5.1. Introduction.- 6.5.2. Typology of models based on the nature of systems.- 6.5.3. Typology of models according to function.- 6.5.4. Typology of models according to method or working principle.- 6.6. Quantitative description of systems.- 6.6.1. Introduction.- 6.6.2. System cell.- 6.7. Black box.- 6.8. Response studies.- 6.8.1. Response.- 6.8.2. Linearity.- 6.8.3. Examples of responses.- 6.9. Boulding's system hierarchy.- 6.10. References.- 7 Cybernetic Systems.- 7.1. Introduction.- 7.2. Block diagrams.- 7.3. Control.- 7.4. Control systems.- 7.4.1. Introduction.- 7.4.2. Cause-control.- 7.4.3. Error-control.- 7.4.4. Stability of control systems.- 7.4.5. Combinations of cause-control and error-control.- 7.5. Examples of control systems.- 7.5.1. Introduction.- 7.5.2. Technical systems.- 7.5.3. Men-machine systems.- 7.5.4. Control systems in various sciences.- 7.5.5. Examples from business administration.- 7.6. References.